Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) - Tokelau (2004)

Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) z Tokelau (2004)

	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003)	Tokelau (2004)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territory of New Zealand)
Age structure	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA%	0-14 years: 42% 15-64 years: 53% 65 years and over: 5% (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products	fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products	coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats
Airports	5 (2002)	none; lagoon landings are possible by amphibious aircraft (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)	-
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2002)	-
Area	total: 12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands	total: 10 sq km land: 10 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Connecticut	about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982.	Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population	NA births/1,000 population
Budget	revenues: $66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.)	revenues: $430,800 expenditures: $2.8 million, including capital expenditures of $37,300 (1987 est.)
Capital	Stanley	none; each atoll has its own administrative center
Climate	cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate	tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November)
Coastline	1,288 km	101 km
Constitution	3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998	administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948, as amended in 1970
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Tokelau
Currency	Falkland pound (FKP)	New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external	$NA	$0
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina	self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelauans are drafting a constitution and developing institutions and patterns of self-government as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territory of New Zealand)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territory of New Zealand)
Disputes - international	claimed by Argentina whose forces briefly occupied it in 1982, but now declares it will no longer seek settlement by force	none
Economic aid - recipient	none	from New Zealand about $4 million annually
Economy - overview	The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost.	Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to maintain public services, with annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand.
Electricity - consumption	15.19 million kWh (2001)	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - production	16.33 million kWh (2001)	NA kWh
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 5 m
Environment - current issues	overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster	very limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand
Ethnic groups	British	Polynesian
Exchange rates	Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.67 (2002), 0.69 (2001), 0.66 (2000), 0.62 (1999), 0.6 (1998); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.7229 (2003), 2.154 (2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since NA March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA) cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by Administrator Neil WALTER (since NA 2002) head of government: Aliki Faipule Kuresa NASAU (since 2004) note - position rotates annually among members of the cabinet cabinet: the Council of Faipule, consisting of three elected leaders - one from each atoll - functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term
Exports	NA (2001)	$98,000 f.o.b. (1983)
Exports - commodities	wool, hides, meat	stamps, copra, handicrafts
Exports - partners	Spain 76.2%, UK 9.2%, US 7.1% (2002)	New Zealand (2000)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT	the flag of New Zealand is used
GDP	purchasing power parity - $75 million (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $1.5 million (1993 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $1,000 (1993 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	NA
Geographic coordinates	51 45 S, 59 00 W	9 00 S, 172 00 W
Geography - note	deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season	consists of three atolls, each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over three meters above sea level
Highways	total: 440 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 390 km (2002)	total: NA km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Imports	NA (2001)	$323,000 c.i.f. (1983)
Imports - commodities	fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing	foodstuffs, building materials, fuel
Imports - partners	UK 57.9%, Spain 19.8%, Italy 16.7% (2002)	New Zealand (2000)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territory of New Zealand)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA
Industries	fish and wool processing; tourism	small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing
Infant mortality rate	total: NA% male: NA% female: NA%	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.6% (1998)	NA
International organization participation	ICFTU	UNESCO (associate), UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	2 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction	Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau
Labor force	1,100 (est.)	NA
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (1998 est.)	arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile) permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001)
Languages	English	Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English
Legal system	English common law	New Zealand and local statutes
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout	unicameral General Fono (48 seats; 15 members from each of the three islands elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms and the 3 island village mayors [pulenuku]); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years	total population: NA years male: 68 years female: 70 years (2004 est.)
Literacy	-	NA
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina	Oceania, group of three atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Map references	South America	Oceania
Maritime claims	continental shelf: 200 NM exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	none
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand
Military branches	British Forces Falkland Islands no regular indigenous military forces; (includes Army, Royal Air Force, and Royal Navy), Police Force	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA%	-
National holiday	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)	Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
Nationality	noun: Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island	noun: Tokelauan(s) adjective: Tokelauan
Natural hazards	strong winds persist throughout the year	lies in Pacific typhoon belt
Natural resources	fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss	NEGL
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Political parties and leaders	none; all independents	none
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	none
Population	2,967 (July 2003 est.)	1,405 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA
Population growth rate	2.44% (2003 est.)	-0.01% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors	Stanley note: the primary port is located in Stanley Harbour and known locally as FIPASS (Falkland Interim Port and Storage System); the facility consists of seven permanently moored barges providing 300 meters of berthing space; it was installed by the military after 1982 and handed over to the Falkland Islands Government in 1988	none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA note: each atoll has a radio broadcast station of unknown type that broadcasts shipping and weather reports (1998)
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist	Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2% note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant
Sex ratio	-	NA
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	21 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries	general assessment: adequate domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: country code - 690; radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations, established in 1997
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	300 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	0 (2001)
Television broadcast stations	2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service) note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002)	-
Terrain	rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains	low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman	NA children born/woman
Unemployment rate	full employment; labor shortage	NA
Waterways	none	-

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